Information sources

Zwei Jahre nach dem Kriegsausbruch in der Ukraine wird die Frage lauter, wie mehr Ukrainer*innen in Deutschland in Arbeit kommen können. Wie aber blicken diejenigen, die nicht erwerbstätig sind, selbst auf das Thema Erwerbsarbeit? Was hält sie zurück?

In war times, what differentiates those who manage to flee from those who remain behind? Based on 468 qualitative interview and survey responses with displaced Ukrainians’ in Canada and Germany, and the aspirations-capabilities framework, we identify how macro-level policies and individual resources and aspirations combine to shape wartime (im)mobility outcomes.

Since February 2022, more than 7.5 million people have already fled Ukraine. According to UNHCR, one million of them had arrived in Germany by November 2022. The DeZIM project "Refugee Women from Ukraine" conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with 32 women currently living with their children in Berlin and Frankfurt/Oder. The interviews shed light on the challenges the women currently face and the factors that determine whether they intend to stay here or return to Ukraine.

The UNHCR estimates that by the end of March 2022, more than three million people have already fled Ukraine - and the number is rising daily. In Germany, too, accommodation is becoming scarce. In view of the increasing pressure to act, protection against violence is in danger of being pushed into the background when it comes to accommodation - even though it is an essential task of operators and sponsors of collective accommodation. In addition, Ukrainian refugees are increasingly being accommodated privately. What are the challenges in the current situation to protect refugees from violence and to support them as well as the accommodators in the best possible way?

Refugees from Ukraine were received with overwhelming solidarity in many European countries, including Germany, immediately after the Russian war of aggression began at the end of February 2022. Has people's attitude changed since then? In this DeZIM.insights Working Paper, the willingness to support in the first year after the war began is analyzed.

Evaluation of challenges and information needs (RefUGe trial)

The war in Ukraine has generated an increase in the number of refugees. As one of the top recipients of refugees, Germany has introduced policies to ease the integration of Ukrainians. The current study explores mental health outcomes and their association with quality of life among a sample of Ukrainian refugees in Germany.

Interim Report on three Research Projects at the DJI on the Challenges and Conditions for Success in the Educational Integration of Refugee Children, the Situation of Families with Young Children and Integration in Daycare Centers, and the Perspectives of Young Ukrainians

An online survey was conducted among displaced Ukrainian parents in Germany in the summer of 2022 as well as numerous qualitative interviews with both parents and pupils. The findings show the extent to which pursuing their education in parallel in Germany and Ukraine is placing a double burden on young Ukrainians. At the same time, the research sheds light on the reasons for educational choices and how families navigate this new situation.

Online survey with the platform #UnterkunftUkraine, the largest platform for private accommodation in Germany and Europe in the period: June 2022 to July 2022. 3251 people were surveyed who have already taken in people or currently have people living with them (80%) or plan to do so (20%).

Study on the characteristics of the situation of Ukrainian refugees in Germany (using the example of the city of Constance and its surroundings), their social status (employment status), mental condition, living conditions, life, leisure time, well-being and future plans.

We conducted two waves of quantitative online surveys and qualitative interviews of Ukrainian refugees in Germany. We asked whether they plan to stay in Germany and whether they are already employed or plan to search for employment, as well as the factors that determine these. We report the results of the second wave of surveys in this policy brief. The second wave of the survey clarified the socio-demographic characteristics of refugees from Ukraine, the circumstances of their arrival andadaptation in Germany, and demonstrates the dynamics of changes in their plans and intentions

In the framework of the project of the ifo Center for International Institutional Comparisons and Migration Research “Adaptation and Survival Strategies of Refugees from Ukraine in Germany: Between Work and Social Help” a quantitative online survey was conducted. This article aims at reconstructing and clarifying the socio-demographic portrait of Ukrainian refugees in Germany in order to assess their potential in the German labor market and the possible burden on the German social system. The focus of this study is also the plans and intentions of Ukrainian refugees in Germany. This study provides insights on how many Ukrainians will stay in Germany, return to Ukraine, or move to another country, and how many are ready to integrate into the German labor market.

Die qualitative Umfrage unter nach Deutschland geflüchteten
Ukrainer*innen ermöglicht es, die Ergebnisse einer quantitativen Online-Umfrage zu ergänzen. Durch die Kombination von quantitativen und qualitativen Befragungen konnten zwei dominante kurzfristige Verhaltensstrategien – »in Deutschland bleiben« und »in die Ukraine zurückkehren« festgestellt werden. Zudem wurden sechs Anpassungsmodelle, die das Verhalten von Geflüchteten aus der Ukraine, auch auf dem Arbeitsmarkt, charakterisieren, identifiziert, und zwar (1) passive Erwartung der Rückkehr in die Ukraine, (2) motivierte Erwartung der Rückkehr in die Ukraine, (3) »auf der Suche nach sich selbst und seinem/ihrem Platz«, (4) »am Scheideweg«, (5) »bereit, es in Deutschland zu versuchen«, (6) überzeugt, zu bleiben.

The study focuses on the flight history, arrival situation, needs and qualifications of Ukrainians in Thuringia with the aim of adapting the municipalities' needs and supply planning.

This study describes the first wave of the IAB-BiB/FReDA-BAMF-SOEP Survey on Ukrainian Refugees in Germany, a unique panel dataset based on over 11,000 interviews conducted between August and October 2022. The aim of the IAB-BiB/FReDA-BAMF-SOEP Survey is to provide a data-infrastructure for theory-driven and evidence-based research on various aspects of integration among Ukrainian refugees in Germany.

This paper looks at war-induced migration flows from Ukraine to Poland and Germany in 2022 to understand who is migrating and the challenges they face. Data were collected in the spring and summer of 2022 through survey questionnaires and interviews. The results of the research reveal that a) this wave of migration from Ukraine is overwhelmingly female; b) women are often migrating with children, which makes arranging appropriate childcare and school placement essential to their entry into the destination workforce; c) Ukrainian labor migration patterns before the war have had a significant impact on current flows; d) Ukrainian refugees to Poland and Germany often want to be able to travel regularly back to Ukraine; this affects their willingness to apply for temporary protection schemes that oblige them to remain in destination countries, which in turn makes it difficult to precisely quantify the number of refugees in a given country.

Authored by Irina Kuznetsova and Oksana Mikheieva, this Migration Research Series paper explores the impacts of the ongoing crisis in Ukraine on the individuals that were displaced before 2022. The authors argue that the pre-existing vulnerabilities of those stranded in occupied areas since February 2022 have been exacerbated, particularly at the intersections of displacement and immobility, and disability, older ag, and housing.

Findings of the fifth wave research

In March 2025 at the latest, temporary protection for people fleeing Ukraine comes to an end. Determining what comes next is a complex process in which host countries must navigate multiple policy options, practical considerations, and political and economic interests. There is no time to waste in developing a coordinated approach, particularly due to the large number of people concerned, the range of countries involved, and the prospect of necessary legislative changes.

This report presents the findings of FRA’s 2022 online survey of displaced people from Ukraine. It covers the 10 EU countries that host a large number of people under temporary protection – Bulgaria, Czechia, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Spain. Some 14,685 respondents shared their views of arriving and settling in the EU. These provide a unique insight into their experiences and feelings, including those of violence.

The survey findings also illustrate the challenges inherent in applying an instrument of temporary protection to a situation that is likely to have a long-term impact on people and our societies.

On 11 April 2022, the EUAA in partnership with OECD launched the Surveys of Arriving Migrants from Ukraine (SAM - UKR). The goal of this project is to collect data directly from displaced people fleeing the war in Ukraine into the EU, on their journey, vulnerability, needs, future aspirations, registration process, family situation and current situation.

About the unbounded reception of Ukrainian refugees

This SIEPS European Policy Analysis seeks to explore and explain the main differences between the EU’s management of the Ukrainian refugee emergency and other major refugee arrivals in the recent past. It then considers the possible consequences of the Ukrainian refugee situation for the evolution of the CEAS and the Migration Pact.

Contribution to the anthology “Wende in Europa. Ausblick auf eine neue Zeit. Berichte zur Lage der Nation” (Thomas Mirow, Publisher), pp 217-240

The EU accepts refugees from Ukraine without bureaucracy. Some speak of a two-class system, others hope for overdue reforms.